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Reflectance and Transmittance Spectroscopy Applied to Detecting Fumonisin in Single Corn Kernels Infected with Fusarium verticillioides

¹USDA-ARS, Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. ²Corresponding author. Phone: 785-776-2753 Fax: 785-776-2792. E-mail: fdowell@usgmrl.ksu.edu ³USDA-ARS, Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502. ⁴Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Kansas Sate University, Manhattan, KS 66506. ⁵Department of Grain Science and Industry, 201 Shellenberger, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506. ⁶USDA-ARS, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St, Peoria, IL 61604-3999.

Reflectance and transmittance visible and near-infrared spectroscopy were used to detect fumonisin in single corn kernels infected with Fusarium verticillioides. Kernels with >100 ppm and <10 ppm could be classed accurately as fumonisin positive or negative, respectively. Classification results were generally better for oriented kernels than for kernels that were randomly placed in the spectrometer viewing area. Generally, models based on reflectance spectra have higher correct classification than models based on transmittance spectra. Statistical analyses indicated that including near-infrared wavelengths in calibrations improved classifications, and some calibrations were improved by including visible wavelengths. Thus, the color and chemical constituents of the infected kernel contribute to classification models. These results show that this technology can be used to rapidly and nondestructively screen single corn kernels for the presence of fumonisin, and may be adaptable to on-line detection and sorting.